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Due to its high tannin content and related derivatives, Hamamelis virginiana possesses astringent, anti-inflammatory, and hemostatic (blood flow-regulating) properties. Recent studies have identified proanthocyanidins as active constituents in its filtered extract, which exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity, particularly against Herpes Simplex Virus type 1. Multiple studies have confirmed Witch Hazel’s antioxidant, UV-protective, and anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, proanthocyanidins inhibit the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators. Additionally, they suppress Platelet Activating Factor (PAF), which plays a key role in inflammation regulation. The extract is widely used in the management of various inflammatory conditions, including: Hemorrhoids – with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and astringent effects, Inflammation of the mouth and throat, Skin and mucosal inflammations, Vascular conditions (e.g., varicose veins), Wound and burn healing. In the treatment of hemorrhoids, Witch Hazel not only reduces inflammation and pain but also relieves itching, irritation, and burning in the anal region. Its tannins have antiseptic properties that help prevent local infection and accelerate tissue healing. The astringent compounds constrict dilated and congested anal vessels, thereby reducing bleeding.

In addition to topical application, the leaves and bark of Witch Hazel have been traditionally used orally for various indications, including: Non-specific diarrhea (especially from colonic mucosal inflammation), Hematoma (subcutaneous blood accumulation), Hemopathy (localized bleeding) and Menstrual cramps. These effects are primarily attributed to the plant’s astringent and anti-inflammatory tannins. In traditional medicine, Witch Hazel has been used to control bleeding and reduce colonic mucosal inflammation.